Experts Recommend Addressing Obesity through Health Reform, National Strategy
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(HealthNewsDigest.com) – WASHINGTON, — Adult obesity rates increased in 23 states and did not decrease in a single state in the past year, according to F as in Fat: How Obesity Policies Are Failing in America 2009, a report released today by the Trust for America’s Health (TFAH) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF). In addition, the percentage of obese and overweight children is at or above 30 percent in 30 states.
“Our health care costs have grown along with our waist lines,” said Jeff Levi, Ph.D., executive director of TFAH. “The obesity epidemic is a big contributor to the skyrocketing health care costs in the United States. How are we going to compete with the rest of the world if our economy and workforce are weighed down by bad health?”
Mississippi had the highest rate of adult obesity at 32.5 percent, making it the fifth year in a row that the state topped the list. Four states now have rates above 30 percent, including Mississippi, West Virginia (31.2 percent), Alabama (31.1 percent) and Tennessee (30.2 percent). Eight of the 10 states with the highest percentage of obese adults are in the South. Colorado continued to have the lowest percentage of obese adults at 18.9 percent.
Adult obesity rates now exceed 25 percent in 31 states and exceed 20 percent in 49 states and Washington, D.C. Two-thirds of American adults are either obese or overweight. In 1991, no state had an obesity rate above 20 percent. In 1980, the national average for adult obesity was 15 percent. Sixteen states experienced an increase for the second year in a row, and 11 states experienced an increase for the third straight year.
Mississippi also had the highest rate of obese and overweight children (ages 10 to 17) at 44.4 percent. Minnesota and Utah had the lowest rate at 23.1 percent. Eight of the 10 states with the highest rates of obese and overweight children are in the South. Childhood obesity rates have more than tripled since 1980.
“Reversing the childhood obesity epidemic is a critical ingredient for delivering a healthier population and making health reform work,” said Risa Lavizzo-Mourey, M.D., M.B.A., RWJF president and CEO. “If we can prevent the current generation of young people from developing the serious and costly chronic conditions related to obesity, we can not only improve health and quality of life, but we can also save billions of dollars and make our health care systems more efficient and sustainable.”
The F as in Fat report contains rankings of state obesity rates and a review of federal and state government policies aimed at reducing or preventing obesity. Some additional key findings from F as in Fat 2009 include:
— The current economic crisis could exacerbate the obesity epidemic.
Food prices, particularly for more nutritious foods, are expected to
rise, making it more difficult for families to eat healthy foods. At
the same time, safety-net programs and services are becoming
increasingly overextended as the numbers of unemployed, uninsured and
underinsured continue to grow. In addition, due to the strain of the
recession, rates of depression, anxiety and stress, which are linked
to obesity for many individuals, also are increasing.
— Nineteen states now have nutritional standards for school lunches,
breakfasts and snacks that are stricter than current USDA
requirements. Five years ago, only four states had legislation
requiring stricter standards.
— Twenty-seven states have nutritional standards for competitive foods
sold a la carte, in vending machines, in school stores or in school
bake sales. Five years ago, only six states had nutritional standards
for competitive foods.
— Twenty states have passed requirements for body mass index (BMI)
screenings of children and adolescents or have passed legislation
requiring other forms of weight-related assessments in schools. Five
years ago, only four states had passed screening requirements.
— A recent analysis commissioned by TFAH found that the Baby Boomer
generation has a higher rate of obesity compared with previous
generations. As the Baby Boomer generation ages, obesity-related costs
to Medicare and Medicaid are likely to grow significantly because of
the large number of people in this population and its high rate of
obesity. And, as Baby Boomers become Medicare-eligible, the percentage
of obese adults age 65 and older could increase significantly.
Estimates of the increase in percentage of obese adults range from 5.2
percent in New York to 16.3 percent in Alabama.
Key report recommendations for addressing obesity within health reform include:
— Ensuring every adult and child has access to coverage for preventive
medical services, including nutrition and obesity counseling and
screening for obesity-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes;
— Increasing the number of programs available in communities, schools,
and childcare settings that help make nutritious foods more affordable
and accessible and provide safe and healthy places for people to
engage in physical activity; and
— Reducing Medicare expenditures by promoting proven programs that
improve nutrition and increase physical activity among adults ages 55
to 64.
The report also calls for a National Strategy to Combat Obesity that would define roles and responsibilities for federal, state and local governments and promote collaboration among businesses, communities, schools and families. It would seek to advance policies that
— Provide healthy foods and beverages to students at schools;
— Increase the availability of affordable healthy foods in all
communities;
— Increase the frequency, intensity, and duration of physical activity
at school;
— Improve access to safe and healthy places to live, work, learn, and
play;
— Limit screen time; and
— Encourage employers to provide workplace wellness programs.
The full report with state rankings in all categories is available on TFAH’s Web site at www.healthyamericans.org and RWJF’s Web site at www.rwjf.org. The report was supported by a grant from RWJF.
Trust for America’s Health is a non-profit, non-partisan organization dedicated to saving lives by protecting the health of every community and working to make disease prevention a national priority. www.healthyamericans.org
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