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(HealthNewsDigest.com)—Last year, 280,000 women in the U.S. were diagnosed with breast and gynecological cancers. As a group, these are the most often diagnosed cancers in women. Joanne Mortimer, M.D., director of Women’s Cancers Program of City of Hope, says that there are three ways women can reduce their risk of the cancers that primarily affect them.
“First, they can learn more about breast and gynecological cancer so they can recognize the symptoms. Second, they should get regular screenings, because all cancers can most effectively be treated at an early stage. And, third, women should learn about preventive measures,” says Mortimer.
Here are some facts from the City of Hope cancer center:
Cervical cancer
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the main risk factor. A weakened immune system, having many sexual partners, smoking, having other sexually transmitted diseases and long-term birth control use all add to risk.
Symptoms include abnormal vaginal bleeding, increased vaginal discharge, pelvic pain and pain during intercourse.
A new vaccine provides protection from HPV and is recommended for girls aged 9−26.
Breast cancer
Risk factors include age, family history, hormonal factors, alcohol use and obesity.
Symptoms include changes in the way the breast or nipple feels or looks and nipple discharge.
Ovarian cancer
An ovarian cyst can develop on the surface of an ovary or inside it. Most are benign but if the cyst is cancerous, it can spread to other organs.
Risk factors include family and reproductive history, age, hormonal factors and obesity.
Symptoms include pressure or pain in the abdomen, pelvis, back or legs, nausea, indigestion and feeling tired. Less common symptoms include vaginal bleeding and a frequent need to urinate.
If you experience any of these symptoms, discuss them with your doctor. If needed, seek help at a qualified cancer center such as City of Hope.
Scientists with City of Hope’s Women’s Cancers Program are investigating the biology of breast, ovarian and endometrial cancers as well as interventions that could reduce cancer risk. Researchers also are identifying new treatments and prevention methods and examining issues affecting women with cancer and their families, such as spirituality, the emotional impact of cancer on caregivers, and other quality-of-life issues.
You can get more information about City of Hope at www.cityofhope.org and you can get involved in supporting research for women’s cancers by participating in Walk for Hope. Visit www.walk4hope.org.
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